工艺参数对棒材粗轧过程晶粒尺寸影响模拟

利用商业有限元分析软件MSC．Marc,建立了轴承钢GCr15棒材六道次粗轧过程的三维有限元模型．借助MSC．Marc的二次开发功能,将轴承钢GCr15的微观组织演变模型与棒材粗轧过程的热力耦合有限元模型相结合,模拟了不同工艺参数下奥氏体晶粒尺寸的演变过程．模拟结果表明,粗轧过程中轧件中心奥氏体的晶粒尺寸随着轧制温度的升高而增大;轧制速度对晶粒尺寸的演交基本没有影响;初始晶粒尺寸和轧辊辊缝的大小对奥氏体晶粒尺寸的演变过程有一定影响,但对六道次粗轧后的晶粒尺寸影响不大．实际工艺参数下模拟得到的轧件内部晶粒尺寸与实测值吻合较好．     

异步轧制对AZ31镁合金静态再结晶及晶粒细化的影响

研究了AZ31镁合金薄板在异步轧制过程中,异速比、压下率及退火工艺对其退火晶粒尺寸的影响.结果表明:适当提高轧制异速比和道次压下率能够显著细化晶粒,但是异速比过高时,轧辊与轧件会产生相对滑动,细化晶粒效果降低,其中异速比为1.3时,细化晶粒效果最佳;剪切作用使镁合金中孪晶数量及分布均匀程度提高,位错缠结被"切碎",畸变能得以更均匀地分布于变形体内,是异步轧制具有良好晶粒细化效果的主要原因;此外,合理的异步轧制工艺还能缩短镁合金板带所需的中间退火和成品退火时间.     

Grain refinement of Mg-Li-Al cast alloys by adding typical master alloys

Commercial Al-3Ti-1C and Al-5Ti-1B master alloys were added in order to refine the grains of Mg-Li-Al alloys.The effects of their addition levels on grain refinement of Mg-Li-Al cast alloy were investigated and the mechanism of the grain refinement was discussed.The results showed that the addition of Al-3Ti-1C master alloy reduced the grain size of LA141 cast alloy from 900μm to 400μm,while the addition of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy reduced the grain size of LA51 cast alloy from 500μm to 240μm.The grain ref...     

Phase transformation refinement of coarse primary carbides in M2 high speed steel

The decomposition of the coarse primary M_2C carbide in M2 high speed steel was investigated by using optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analysis.It is indicated that the SEM observation using deeply etched samples can clearly reveal the details of the decomposition products of primary M_2C eutectic carbides.The MC is granular and M_6C is peanut-shaped in the decomposition products,and the decomposition products are found to be very small ...     

Effects of solidification parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of continuous columnar-grained Cu–Al–Ni alloy

Effects of melt temperature and casting speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-14%Al-3.8%Ni(mass fraction) alloy wires fabricated by continuous unidirectional solidification technology were investigated.It was found that the average size of columnar grain in the alloy decreased and grain boundary turned clear and straight with increasing the casting speed at a given melt temperature.When the melt temperature was up to 1 280℃,theβ_1 phase gradually transformed into lozenged and lanciformγ...     

南黄海如东近岸海域的沉积物特征与输运趋势

2003年在南黄海如东近岸海域获取了表层底质样397个,进行粒度分析,获取粒度参数．分析结果表明,如东近岸海域的表层沉积物以砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂为主,其物源主要是古长江残留物质,受现代水动力作用改造并掺混一定数量的现代长江入海物质和江苏沿岸侵蚀的物质．采用粒径趋势进行分析,发现该海域深槽中的沉积物主要向外海输运,但在中部海洋沙、太阳沙以西存在一个沉积物汇聚中心．     

不同应变速率热变形双相不锈钢的取向特征

在MMS-200热模拟实验机上,对S32750超级双相不锈钢在1 000℃,应变速率为0.01～10 s-1的条件下进行了高温压缩实验,利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术对其晶体取向和晶界特征进行了分析.研究结果表明:在低应变速率时,铁素体晶粒出现〈111〉∥压缩轴织构;在高应变速率时,〈001〉织构又明显增加.铁素体晶粒随着应变速率的增加变得细小,而小角度晶界数量增加;在应变速率为10 s-1时,形变后奥氏体晶粒得到了〈110〉织构.应变速率的增加使奥氏体晶粒变大,小角度晶界数量增加.奥氏体相在小应变速率条件下变形可以获得更多的Σ3孪晶界.     

添加或未添加 Cu?Nb 的超低碳高强度钢焊接金属的显微组织和力学性能

Two types of ultralow carbon steel weld metals (with and without added Cu?Nb) were prepared using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) to investigate the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of weld metals. The results of microstructure characterization showed that the weld metal without Cu?Nb was mainly composed of acicular ferrite (AF), lath bainite (LB), and granular bainite (GB). In contrast, adding Cu?Nb to the weld metal caused an evident transformation of martensite and grain coarsening. Both weld metals had a high tensile strength (more than 950 MPa) and more than 17% elongation; however, their values of toughness deviated greatly, with a difference of approximately 40 J at ?50°C. Analysis of the morphologies of the fracture surfaces and secondary cracks further revealed the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties. The effects of adding Cu and Nb on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld metal are discussed; the indication is that adding Cu?Nb increases the hardenability and grain size of the weld metal and thus deteriorates the toughness.     

油冷器法兰板真空钎焊溢料问题分析和改善

以油冷器法兰板用3003/6063/3003三层铝合金复合材料为研究对象,采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对真空钎焊后形成的溢料缺陷进行宏观形貌、显微组织观察,并和正常区域进行对比。通过优化材料的生产工艺,对溢料问题进行改善,并对效果进行验证。结果表明：油冷器法兰板真空钎焊后产生溢料主要是因为钎焊过程中熔化后的焊料发生了流动,在法兰板冲压孔附近表面形成了堆积;材料冷轧后进行中间退火,材料的总变形储能减小,成品退火时再结晶过程驱动力减小,有利于晶粒的长大;材料晶粒尺寸增大,钎焊后溢料有明显改善,主要是因为晶粒增大后,晶界的数量相应减少,钎焊过程中法兰板表面的焊料流动和堆积减少。     

晶界工程处理对304不锈钢耐蚀性能和力学性能的影响

通过扫描电子显微镜、电化学工作站、晶间腐蚀试验及万能材料拉伸试验机研究了晶界工程处理对304不锈钢耐腐蚀性能和力学性能的影响。结果显示,经8%冷轧变形及1 100 ℃退火6 min处理后的304不锈钢,与1 050 ℃固溶处理30 min的304不锈钢相比,低重合位置点阵(coincidence site lattice, ΣCSL) 晶界比例从45.1%增加到77.8%,Σ3晶界比例从42.0%增加到65.5%。并且在迁移的随机晶界上引入了具有低晶界能的特殊晶界片段退火孪晶,降低了大角度晶界网络的连通性,优化了晶界分布,提升了304不锈钢抗晶间腐蚀性能。晶界工程处理对304不锈钢的力学性能影响较小,晶界工程处理后,其抗拉强度和屈服强度小幅度降低,分别降低了20 MPa和13 MPa,伸长率提高了8%。